Ghost adventures net worth - Net worth and salary. Aaron Goodwin has good professional experience and has built an interesting career, thus has accumulated a net worth of over $1.5 million that comes from reality television, as well as his other engagements. He is a published writer, and has earnings from the purchases of his book.

 
2008-2011 – When the first season of Ghost Adventures aired to the peak of Ghost Adventures, Aaron may have been worth around $500,000 to $1 million between his salary, royalties, and new income sources.. Sap trucking

Jul 11, 2023 · • He has an estimated net worth of $1 million dollars. • He is active on social media including Twitter and Instagram with over 500,000 and 200,000 followers respectively. • Groff's has 12 gigs in the paranormal field, with his latest being the critically acclaimed TV series entitled “Paranormal Lockdown”. Zak and the crew investigate the aggressive spirits who roam a 130-year-old estate in Altadena, CA, that's been used as a location for various films and TV shows. Season 16, Episode 5.What is Billy from Ghost Adventures net worth? Billy has a net worth of $1.5 million. He is a club DJ, producer, and team member of Ghost Adventures. Wrapping Up. With this, our guide reaches a conclusion.Net Worth. Renowned American television personality, paranormal investigator, author and museum owner, Zak Bagans has amassed a considerable fortune from his various ventures. As of 2023, his net worth is estimated to be $32 million. Personal Life-Wife & KidsBilly Tolley’s net worth is estimated to be around $1.5 million, which he has earned from his various endeavors in the entertainment industry. He has also worked on several spin-offs of Ghost Adventures, as well as other projects such as Demon House, where he was an aerial drone photographer.Ghost Adventures is an American paranormal and reality television series that premiered on October 17, 2008, on the Travel Channel before moving to Discovery+ in 2021. An independent film of the same name originally aired on the Sci-Fi Channel on July 25, 2007. The program follows ghost hunters Zak Bagans, Aaron Goodwin, Billy Tolley, and Jay …What is the net worth of Zak from Ghost Adventures in Germany? Ever wonder what is Zak from Ghost Adventures net worth? Zag Bagans, the American paranormal investigator, TV presenter, and author, has a total net worth of $30 million.As of 2024, Dakota Laden’s net worth is $100,000 - $1M. DETAILS BELOW. Dakota Laden (born November 18, 1994) is famous for being youtuber. He resides in Minnesota, United States. Filmmaker and contest winner best known for his Ghost Adventures spoof which landed him a guest spot on the show with Zak Bagans.As of 2019, he serves as a host of the Ghost Adventures. Net Worth. Zak has an estimated net worth of $1.5 million dollars and also has massive amounts of yearly income and also the bonuses and annual salary. However, he is also famous as the richest rising star and also the reality star and also talented.What is the net worth of Zak from Ghost Adventures in UK? Ever wonder what is Zak from Ghost Adventures net worth? Zag Bagans, the American paranormal investigator, TV presenter, and author, has a total net worth of $30 million.American paranormal investigator, actor, television personality, museum operator, and author Zak Bagans has an estimated net worth of $22 million dollars, as of 2023. Bagans is the principal host of the Travel Channel series Ghost Adventures. “I believe if you believe in something or, let’s take for instance you go into a demonic location ...The famous television star has continuously enriched his net worth through the series. Its 11th episode of season 24 aired on May 7, 2021. Aaron Goodwin Sheena Goodwin Ghost Adventures EngagedBilly Tolley Net wort h. Tolley has an estimated net worth of $1.5 million. He is a paranormal investigator and television personality. He appears on Ghost Adventures as a paranormal investigator. Tolley also worked as a DJ and a music producer.Feb 20, 2024 · Billy Tolley net worth is $1.5 Million. Also know about Billy Tolley bio, salary, height, age weight, relationship and more … Billy Tolley Wiki Biography. Billy Tolley, audio/video tech and now investigator for “Ghost Adventures” TV show on the Travel Channel, was previously a professional club DJ working as “DJ Inferno” in Las Vegas, NV. Wasley will appear on Ghost Adventures: Call Up which premieres on May 19, 2022, on Discovery Plus. Jay Wasley Net worth Wasley has an estimated net worth of $1 million- $5 million.American paranormal investigator, actor, television personality, museum operator, and author Zak Bagans has an estimated net worth of $22 million dollars, as of 2023. Bagans is the principal host of the Travel Channel series Ghost Adventures. “I believe if you believe in something or, let’s take for instance you go into a demonic location ...Ghost Adventure Jay Wasley wiki-bio: Married, Wife, net worth, Girlfriend 2022 Ghost Adventures Aaron Goodwin Net Worth, Wiki 2022. Tags: ghost adventures. Leave a Reply Cancel reply. Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked * Name * Email * Website. Comment *2021/05/22. Zak Bagans is a famous American TV show personality, paranormal investigator, author, and museum operator who has a net worth of $35 million. He is …How much is Aaron Goodwin net worth? Aaron Goodwin from Ghost Adventures boasts of a successful career in the entertainment industry. Over the course …American paranormal investigator, actor, television personality, museum operator, and author Zak Bagans has an estimated net worth of $22 million dollars, as of 2023. …Watch Ghost Adventures Wednesdays at 10p ET on Discovery. Seasons Season 27 Season 26 Season 25 Season 24 Season 23 Season 22 Season 21 Season 20 Season 19 Season 18 Season 17 Season 16 Season 15 Season 14 Season 13 Season 12 Season 11 Season 9 Season 8 Season 7 Season 6 Season 5 Season 4 Season 3 Season 2 Season 1A ghost credit card is a credit card number assigned to a business department available for use by multiple employees. Ghost credit cards are sometimes issued in lieu of a traditio...Jul 11, 2023 · • He has an estimated net worth of $1 million dollars. • He is active on social media including Twitter and Instagram with over 500,000 and 200,000 followers respectively. • Groff's has 12 gigs in the paranormal field, with his latest being the critically acclaimed TV series entitled “Paranormal Lockdown”. What is Billy from Ghost Adventures net worth? Billy has a net worth of $1.5 million. He is a club DJ, producer, and team member of Ghost Adventures. Wrapping Up. With this, our guide reaches a conclusion.United States net worth; 1969 births; 1987 births; 37 richest; 1995 births; 1997 births; 20 richest; 1976 births; 40 richest; 41 richest; 1975 births; American male film actors; 25 richest; Mexico net worth ... Ghost Adventures (2010-2014) as Self / Self - Inventor / Self - Paranormal Inventor;With each season ranging between 6 and 13 episodes long in the last several years, it's safe to say he's pulling in six figures just for his work on Ghost Adventures. Celebrity Net Worth estimates Aaron Goodwin has a total net worth of $1.5 million .Billy Tolley Net wort h. Tolley has an estimated net worth of $1.5 million. He is a paranormal investigator and television personality. He appears on Ghost Adventures as a paranormal investigator. Tolley also worked as a DJ and a music producer.He has participated in several famous TV shows as a Ghost fighter and gained a huge fan following all around the world. According to different sources and his work experience, he is having a net worth of $3.4 million. His net worth is going to be increased in the future as he is currently active on many TV series.Nick Groff is an American ghost investigator, co-host and cameraman of Ghost Adventures who has a net worth of $1 million. Born Nicholas Groff on April 19, 1978 in California, ...As of the latest estimates, Zak from ghost adventures net worth is around $30 million. Given the unpredictable nature of careers and financial investments, forecasting his net worth in 2024 with absolute certainty is challenging.What is Billy from Ghost Adventures net worth? Billy has a net worth of $1.5 million. He is a club DJ, producer, and team member of Ghost Adventures. Wrapping Up. With this, our guide reaches a conclusion.Aaron Goodwin is an American camera operator and co-star of the Travel Channel's reality series Ghost Adventures. He was born on April 1, 1976 in Portland, OR and has worked as a camera operator for the UFC. He is best known for his work on Ghost Adventures, where he has been a part of the show since its inception in 2008.Install the VPN and Log in using your credentials. Connect to a server in the US. [Recommended: New York server] Go to Discovery+ and sign in. Search for and watch Ghost Adventures Devil Island in Japan on Discovery Plus. Note: ExpressVPN’s exclusive offer for Streamingrant readers includes 3 extra months FREE on 12-month plan, and saves 49%.Zak Bagans Net Worth: $30 Million Category:Richest Business › Producers Net Worth:$30 Million Date of Birth:Apr 5, 1977 ... boasts a $30 million net worth. Famous for “Ghost Adventures,” he co-founded GAC and owns The Haunted Museum. With a $2 million vehicle fleet, he’s involved in clothing lines, music collaborations, and has written ...The four ghosts who appear in “A Christmas Carol” by Charles Dickens are Jacob Marley, the Ghost of Christmas Past, the Ghost of Christmas Present and the Ghost of Christmas Yet to...What is Billy from Ghost Adventures net worth? Billy has a net worth of $1.5 million. He is a club DJ, producer, and team member of Ghost Adventures. Wrapping Up. With this, our guide reaches a conclusion.From the spine-chilling apparitions in horror films to the friendly spirits in heartwarming tales, movie ghosts have long captivated audiences with their ethereal presence. But how...After this, he was invited by Bagans and become an official member of the show Ghost Adventures. Destination Fear. In the year 2019, Travel Channel premiered the Tv series, Destination Fear, and meanwhile, this series hit a huge success. ... Dakota Laden: Net worth, Salary. Dakota Laden’s precise earning has not been revealed at the …As of 2019, he serves as a host of the Ghost Adventures. Net Worth. Zak has an estimated net worth of $1.5 million dollars and also has massive amounts of yearly income and also the bonuses and annual salary. However, he is also famous as the richest rising star and also the reality star and also talented.Ghost nets float throughout the world, polluting oceans and trapping dolphins, turtles, and other sea life. A ship just docked in Hawaii with 40 tons of the stuff. Ghost nets float...Gen Z isn't worried about looking too available — and it's setting a standard for dating that didn't exist before, according to Tinder. Jump to Tinder says Gen Z is leading the cha...Mar 20, 2024 · Along with the TV shows, Zak also makes hefty profits from his museum operation and published books. With popular documentaries, stories, books, and merchandise, Zak Bagans has an estimated net worth of $35 million as of 2021. Furthermore, Zak yearly earns about $1.5 million or, in other words, $125 thousand as a monthly paycheck. Aug 10, 2023 · Zak Bagans is a paranormal investigator, actor, television personality, museum owner, and author from the United States with a net worth of $30 million who is the host of the Ghost Adventures series on the Travel Channel. Zak Bagans Net Worth $30 Million Full Name Zachary Alexander Bagans Date of Birth April 5, 1977 Age Gay/Lesbian No. Net Worth $1.5 million (Estimated) Ethnicity Mixed. Social Media Facebook, Twitter, Instagram. Children/Kids Not Yet. Height 6 Feet 3 Inches (190 cm) Aaron Goodwin is known as the American reality star from his TV series Ghost Adventures. During his paranormal journey, he is often left alone to act as bait for the paranormal ...TechCrunch's weekly newsletter dedicated to all things space, including launch, satellites, space stations and more. Hello and welcome back to Max Q. Disrupt is finally behind us, ...Billy Tolley Net Worth – $2 million. What is Billy Tolley’s net worth? Who is Billy Tolley’s wife? Introduction. Billy Tolley is an investigator on Ghost Adventures, …What is Billy from Ghost Adventures net worth? Billy has a net worth of $1.5 million. He is a club DJ, producer, and team member of Ghost Adventures. Wrapping Up. With this, our guide reaches a conclusion.What is Billy from Ghost Adventures net worth? Billy has a net worth of $1.5 million. He is a club DJ, producer, and team member of Ghost Adventures. Wrapping Up.Aug 10, 2023 · Zak Bagans is a paranormal investigator, actor, television personality, museum owner, and author from the United States with a net worth of $30 million who is the host of the Ghost Adventures series on the Travel Channel. Zak Bagans Net Worth $30 Million Full Name Zachary Alexander Bagans Date of Birth April 5, 1977 Age The four ghosts who appear in “A Christmas Carol” by Charles Dickens are Jacob Marley, the Ghost of Christmas Past, the Ghost of Christmas Present and the Ghost of Christmas Yet to...Conover appears and hosts the Netflix series The G Word with Adam Conover. The series premieres on May 19, 2022. In the series, Conover “pulls back the curtain on the surprising ways the US government impacts our everyday lives, from the mundane to the life changing”. Adam Conover Net worth. Conover has an estimated net …Aaron Goodwin has an estimated net worth of $1.5 million. A significant portion of his net worth is attributed to his role as co-investigator in Ghost Adventures. Furthermore, he also authored a book titled ‘Art in a Sky’ which published in May 2017.He worked as one of the prime supporters of the Ghost Adventures Crew that is one of the largest systems of the expert paranormal specialist. In 2002, Zak’s enthusiasm was awoken at the time when he encountered the soul of the self destructured lady in his condo. ... As of May 2024, Zak’s net worth is estimated to be $35 million. He …Ghost Adventures cast Aaron Goodwin net worth is $1.5 million. Similarly, according to E-celeb Gossip, Aaron has a net worth, which is estimated to be around $1.5 million. Like Zak, even Aaron’s salary and income is said to be unknown currently.Mar 20, 2024 · Along with the TV shows, Zak also makes hefty profits from his museum operation and published books. With popular documentaries, stories, books, and merchandise, Zak Bagans has an estimated net worth of $35 million as of 2021. Furthermore, Zak yearly earns about $1.5 million or, in other words, $125 thousand as a monthly paycheck. What is the net worth of Zak from Ghost Adventures in UAE? Ever wonder what is Zak from Ghost Adventures net worth? Zag Bagans, the American paranormal investigator, TV presenter, and author, has a total net worth of $30 million.How much is the net worth of Billy Tolley in 2024? Although it’s hard to put up an actual annual salary in a figure, as of 2024, Billy Tolley’s net worth is estimated to be $1.5 million. There is no doubt that he is living a luxurious lifestyle. Rumor and ControversyNick Groff left Ghost Adventures after its tenth season but he never mentioned his reason for leaving. However, there have been varying reports as to why he left. Since leaving the show, he has remained busy with his businesses, music career, and the production of several shows and documentaries, including his own show called …As of 2018, Aaron Goodwin has an estimated net worth of $1.5 million. Wiki-bio and age. Aaron Goodwin is originally from Portland, Oregon. He was born on Fools Day 1976 and is 42 years old. He has a sister named Amy Goodwin and has a height of 6 inches 3 feet. Caption:- Aaron Goodwin from Ghost Adventures is 42 Years old.Washington, D.C., U.S. Occupation. Paranormal investigator. Years active. 2004–present. Zachary Alexander Bagans ( / ˈbeɪɡənz / BAY-gənz; born April 5, 1977) is an American paranormal investigator, actor, television personality, museum operator, and author. He is the principal host of the Travel Channel series Ghost Adventures .As of 2024, Dakota Laden’s net worth is $100,000 - $1M. DETAILS BELOW. Dakota Laden (born November 18, 1994) is famous for being youtuber. He resides in Minnesota, United States. Filmmaker and contest winner best known for his Ghost Adventures spoof which landed him a guest spot on the show with Zak Bagans.As of 2024, Dakota Laden’s net worth is $100,000 - $1M. DETAILS BELOW. Dakota Laden (born November 18, 1994) is famous for being youtuber. He resides in Minnesota, United States. Filmmaker and contest winner best known for his Ghost Adventures spoof which landed him a guest spot on the show with Zak Bagans.What is Billy from Ghost Adventures net worth? Billy has a net worth of $1.5 million. He is a club DJ, producer, and team member of Ghost Adventures. Wrapping Up. With this, our guide reaches a conclusion.“ Ghost Adventure ” Aaron Goodwin’s net worth, salary, sources of income. Over the years, the American camera operator has secured a handsome amount of money. This has been made possible through his hard work in the entertainment industry. Aaron Goodwin has accumulated a net worth of around $1.5 million.Zak Bagans Net Worth: $30 Million Category:Richest Business › Producers Net Worth:$30 Million Date of Birth:Apr 5, 1977 ... boasts a $30 million net worth. Famous for “Ghost Adventures,” he co-founded GAC and owns The Haunted Museum. With a $2 million vehicle fleet, he’s involved in clothing lines, music collaborations, and has written ...Zachary Alexander Bagans, better known as Zak Bagans, is an American TV personality, producer, actor, investigator, and haunted museum owner with a net worth of $30 Million as of 2024. Zak came to the limelight in 2008 after his Travel Channel series “Ghost Adventures” got so much popularity across the U.S.Install the VPN and Log in using your credentials. Connect to a server in the US. [Recommended: New York server] Go to Discovery+ and sign in. Search for and watch Ghost Adventures Devil Island in Japan on Discovery Plus. Note: ExpressVPN’s exclusive offer for Streamingrant readers includes 3 extra months FREE on 12-month plan, and …Sep 23, 2022 · Aaron Goodwin Net Worth. Goodwin has an estimated net worth of $1.5 Million. Aaron Goodwin Ghost Adventures. Referred to by many as a teddy bear, or Zak’s bait of choice, Goodwin really hates to be left alone in attics (or just about anywhere). Jul 11, 2023 · • He has an estimated net worth of $1 million dollars. • He is active on social media including Twitter and Instagram with over 500,000 and 200,000 followers respectively. • Groff's has 12 gigs in the paranormal field, with his latest being the critically acclaimed TV series entitled “Paranormal Lockdown”. 6 days ago · Zak Bagans Net Worth in 2020. Forty-three years old paranormal investigator Zak earns incredible money form his career. So far, he makes money from other ventures, including the TV shows such as Ghost Adventures: Aftershocks, Deadly Possessions. Zak Bagans’ has a total net worth of $30 million in 2020. Apr 10, 2023 · Install the VPN and Log in using your credentials. Connect to a server in the US. [Recommended: New York server] Go to Discovery+ and sign in. Search for and watch Ghost Adventures Devil Island in Japan on Discovery Plus. Note: ExpressVPN’s exclusive offer for Streamingrant readers includes 3 extra months FREE on 12-month plan, and saves 49%. Last, in 2020, he appeared in the TV series documentary, Ghost Adventures: ... Throughout his career, Aaron Goodwin has made a net worth of $2.2 million. His earnings as a camera operator are in the range of $23k to $108k. Also, he earns through his TV appearances as a reality TV star.According to sources, Chip Coffey has accumulated a net worth of $1 million as of 2021. As per reports, Chip’s private sessions as a full-time psychic cost about $650 or more, depending on the client. Similarly, paranormal shows always generate interest among people of any age, and Chip has done well to captivate the viewers through tv shows.Laden has an estimated net worth of around $1.5 million . His primary source of income comes from film making, acting, and television reality. Born in Minnesota, Dakota Laden is a producer/filmmaker known for Travel Channel's Ghost Adventures and Destination Fear.Nick Groff Net Worth – $1.5 million. What is Nick Groff’s net worth? Who is Nick Groff’s wife? Introduction. Nick Groff is an American paranormal investigator born on April 19, 1980.. He was the lead host of Paranormal Lockdown and producer, cameraman, and co-investigator on Ghost Adventures.Finding the right ghost writer for your project can be a daunting task. With so many writers out there, it can be hard to know which one is best suited to your project. Here are so...Leading the team is Zak Bagans, but second-billed on the show's opening credits is Aaron Goodwin. Per Discovery, Goodwin is originally from Oregon and got into film in high school. He would sneak into colleges as a teenager to pick up insights into technique. After moving to Nevada, he became a self-taught editor and cameraman who …What is Ghost Adventures's net worth? Ghost Adventures is YouTube channel with over 3.39K subscribers. It started 10 years ago and has 32 uploaded videos. The net worth of Ghost Adventures's channel through 25 Apr 2024. $515. Videos on the channel are categorized into Film, Society, Entertainment.Nicholas Groff net worth is $1 Million Nicholas Groff Wiki Biography. Nicholas Groff was born on the 19th April 1980, in San Jose, California USA, and is a ghost investigator and television personality probably best recognized for being the cameraman, co-host, co-creator, and producer of the TV series “Ghost Adventures” (2008-2014), “Ghost Stalkers” (2014), and “Paranormal Lockdown ...What is Billy from Ghost Adventures net worth? Billy has a net worth of $1.5 million. He is a club DJ, producer, and team member of Ghost Adventures. Wrapping Up. With this, our guide reaches a conclusion.When you think about the term “net worth,” what do you associate it with? If you’re like many of us, the first things that might come to mind are Fortune 500 companies, successful ...Billy Tolley net worth is $1.5 Million. Also know about Billy Tolley bio, salary, height, age weight, relationship and more … Billy Tolley Wiki Biography. Billy Tolley, audio/video tech and now investigator for “Ghost Adventures” TV show on the Travel Channel, was previously a professional club DJ working as “DJ Inferno” in Las Vegas, NV.Net Worth. Jay Wesley is a multi-talented personality who has made a name for himself in the fields of audio engineering, filmmaking and paranormal investigation. He has an estimated net worth of $2 million as of 2023. This is based on his earnings from Ghost Adventures, as well as his other projects in the film industry.Wasley will appear on Ghost Adventures: Call Up which premieres on May 19, 2022, on Discovery Plus. Jay Wasley Net worth Wasley has an estimated net worth of $1 million- $5 million.Goodwin is a camera operator and a paranormal investigator. He stars in the Discovery+ series, Ghost Adventures.He stars is as the cameraman and co-investigator of Zak Bagans and Net Groff.. Goodwin documented the TV mini-series, Ghost Adventures: Quarantine, which was shot in Zak Bagans’ haunted museum.Moreover, new episodes of …Nicholas Groff was born on April 19, 1980, in San Jose, California. However, he grew up in Nashua, New Hampshire. Nick’s interest in the supernatural goes back to his childhood. Nick revealed that he had a near-death experience at the age of eight. He was playing in a tree in the yard of his parent’s house when he fell to the ground from a ...

Install the VPN and Log in using your credentials. Connect to a server in the US. [Recommended: New York server] Go to Discovery+ and sign in. Search for and watch Ghost Adventures Devil Island in India on Discovery Plus. Note: ExpressVPN’s exclusive offer for Streamingrant readers includes 3 extra months FREE on 12-month plan, and …. Pickle barrel sandersville

ghost adventures net worth

What is the net worth of Zak from Ghost Adventures in UAE? Ever wonder what is Zak from Ghost Adventures net worth? Zag Bagans, the American paranormal investigator, TV presenter, and author, has a total net worth of $30 million.They even enlisted a medium for a taste test. By clicking "TRY IT", I agree to receive newsletters and promotions from Money and its partners. I agree to Money's Terms of Use and P...They even enlisted a medium for a taste test. By clicking "TRY IT", I agree to receive newsletters and promotions from Money and its partners. I agree to Money's Terms of Use and P...Let’s break down about Zak Bagans’ net worth, married life, and wife. Zak Bagans is a Paranormal Investigator. America reality star Zak Bagans is a host, ghost …Nick Groff Net Worth, Business, Career. Nick Groff teamed up with ‘Ghost Adventures’ producer Zak Bagans back in 2004. Nick Groff is a paranormal investigator, musician and TV personality. The trio produced a documentary series ‘Ghost Adventures’ that aired on Travel Channel. The team investigates locations that are reported to be …Net Worth He has amassed a net worth of $15 million through his career as paranormal investigator and various roles on television shows as a co-host, cameraman, executive producer and editor. He has also earned income from his book, Chasing Spirits: The Building of the Ghost Adventures Crew, and his music albums, The Other Side and Spiritual ...Learn all the details you need to know about the net worth and earnings of club DJ and producer Billy Tolley. 'Ghost Adventures' is coming to one of the most notorious haunted hotels in the United States, the Cecil Hotel in downtown Los Angeles, California.The two-hour special of the filming in the hotel will feature on Discovery+ in …He made frequent appearances in the vlog of Ghost Adventures host Aaron Goodwin. Early in his entertainment career, he worked as a sound mixer for several episodes of Wreck Chasers. Scroll below and check our most recent updates about Jay Wasley Net Worth, Salary, Biography, Age, Career, Wiki. Also discover more detailed …Ghost Adventures; The Late Night Show; Deadly Possessions; Billy Tolley Net Worth. Tolley’s net worth is still under review and will be updated as soon as it is available. He has accumulated his wealth from his career as a television personality, photographer, software producer, and DJ. Billy Tolley InstagramAge. Jay Wasley, real name Jason David Wasley, is a New Yorker born on November 19, 1981. As of 2021, Jay, Ghost Adventure’s sound expert, has turned 39 years old.Wasley serves as the sound mixer and cinematographer for the Tv show Ghost Adventures. He featured on the show in September 2010. The show as well features Zak Bagans as the lead investigator and host, Billy Tolley, and Aaron Goodwin. ... Jay Wasley Net Worth. Wasley has an estimated net worth of $3 million.2021/05/22. Zak Bagans is a famous American TV show personality, paranormal investigator, author, and museum operator who has a net worth of $35 million. He is ….

Popular Topics